Oats as Emergency Forage
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July 22, 2024
Damon Pollard
This is Damon Pollard, Livestock Agent with The North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service-Burke Center. Today’s topic is Oats as Emergency Forage.
Oats, while traditionally grown for grain, can also be planted in summer as late season forage, for livestock producers short on hay or pasture.
Research at The Ohio State University has shown that oats planted in late July or early August, can be grazed well into winter. With high yield and quality, and low cost, oats are one of the best forage crops available to producers.
Dry matter yields approach 4 to 7 tons with an average of 18 percent protein. Unlike spring oats, late season oats no longer produce seeds so all of the energy is put into leaf production. Oats will continue to grow until a hard freeze. Late-season oats can be grazed in the field, baled as hay, or ensiled.
Bin run seed, certified seed, and feed oats were used in trials, with essentially no difference in forage production found enabling producers to plant the cheapest oats available, and still get good yields. Oats will scavenge for nutrients and require little additional fertilizer and oats tend to tolerate dry conditions better than other alternatives.
For fall and winter, oats are a good option, achieving maximum growth in about 75 days after planting. Late-season oats will re-grow top growth if grazed before reaching maturity. The protein of oats is anywhere from 4 to 10 percent higher than fescue, depending harvest date.
With the drought and scalding temperatures, cool-season grasses have shut down, won’t break dormancy until it gets cooler, And once they do, there won’t be enough grass available for grazing, so oats grown on dormant pastureland may be a viable option, provided we get some fall moisture.
This is Damon Pollard, Livestock Agent with The North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service-Burke Center. If you would like more information, call us at 439-4460.